Image Credits

1902 Wright Brothers’ Glider Tests - GPN-2002-000125.jpg. June 11, 2017. Photograph. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1902_Wright_Brothers%27_Glider_Tests_-_GPN-2002-000125.jpg. Image Credit: NASA. PD-US.  

Air Balloon Barometer Circa 1860. March 7, 2025. Photograph. McMaster University Archives and Research Collections. Image Credit: Vanessa Koens. Public Domain. 

Copy of the glider O. Lilienthal in the Deutsches Museum. Munich, Germany.jpg. May 20, 2015. Photograph. Wikimedia Commons. Deutches Museum, Munich, Germany. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Copy_of_the_glider_O._Lilienthal_in_the_Deutsches_Museum._Munich,_Germany.jpg. Image Credit: Ввласенко.CC BY-SA 3.0.  

Langley aerodrome N°5, Smithonian.jpg. May 19, 2022. Photograph. Wikimedia Commons. Smithsonian, Washington, D.C., United States of America. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Langley_aerodrome_N%C2%B05,_Smithonian.jpg. Image Credit: Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. CC0 1.0.  

Langley, Samuel Pierpont. Researches and Experiments in Aerial Navigation / by S.P. Langley. HathiTrust, 1908. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112070123374&seq=5.  Image Credit: Hathi Trust. Public Domain. 

Leonardo da Vinci helicopter and lifting wing.jpg. July 8, 2009. Photograph. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leonardo_da_Vinci_helicopter_and_lifting_wing.jpg. Image Credit: Brett Robertson. Public Domain. 

NH 42050 (24128987175).jpg. July 8, 2018. Photograph. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NH_42050_(24128987175).jpg.  Image Credit: National Museum of the U.S. Navy. Public Domain. 

Stereo Card of Air Balloon Ascent circa 1860. March 7, 2025. Photograph. McMaster University Archives and Research Collections. Image Credit: Vanessa Koens. Public Domain. 

Vissering, Harry. Zeppelin; the Story of a Great Achievement. HathiTrust, 1922. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015023952610&seq=1. Image Credit: Hathi Trust. Public Domain. 

Wonderful Balloon Ascents; or, the Conquest of the Skies. A History of Balloons and Balloon Voyages. from the French of F. Marion. with Illustrations. HathiTrust, 1870. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044044829364&seq=15. Image Credit: Hathi Trust. Public Domain.  

Bibliography 

Anderson, Dale, Ian Graham, and Brian Williams. Flight and motion: The history and science of flying. London: Routledge, 2015. https://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=LvsvCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=history+of+flight&ots=SyCsV-PVJV&sig=IR56rhqngTN2-ZkpdAlIAGbWdhE#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20flight&f=false  

Güss, C. Dominik, Sarah Ahmed, and Dietrich Dörner. “From Da Vinci’s Flying Machines to a Theory of the Creative Process.” Perspectives on Psychological Science 16, no. 6 (February 2021): 1184–1197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620966790.  

Hallion, Richard P. Taking flight: Inventing the aerial age from antiquity through the First World War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. https://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=YRqV_PayIKIC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=history+of+flight&ots=dIb_UnyOy4&sig=rWrTVSdA0ZaSzw-VZeaztYXef98#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20flight&f=false 

Johnson-Laird, Philip N. “Flying Bicycles: How the Wright Brothers Invented the Airplane.” Mind & Society 4, no. 1 (June 2005): 27–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11299-005-0005-8. 

National Air and Space Museum. “Early Flight.” Accessed March 8, 2025. https://airandspace.si.edu/explore/topics/aviation/early-flight. 

Poleskie, Steve. “Art and Flight: Historical Origins to Contemporary Works.” Leonardo 18, no. 2 (1985): 69–80. https://doi.org/10.2307/1577873. 

San Diego Air & Space Museum in Balboa Park. “Leonardo da Vinci Ornithopter (mock up).”  Accessed March 9, 2025. https://sandiegoairandspace.org/collection/item/leonardo-da-vinci-ornithopter-mock-up#:~:text=Leonardo%20da%20Vinci%20made%20the,show%20how%20humans%20could%20fly.