Images:

(1)  Luigi Loir (1845-1916). "The Paris Exhibition. Encyclopedia of the Century," Petit Palais, 1900, volume III: frontispiece. Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris, Petit Palais. CC0 Paris Museums / Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris, Petit Palais

(2) Exposition universelle de Paris, 1900 / Wikimedia Commons. Public Domain

(3) Le Figaro Illustré. Exposition universelle de 1900. Paris : J. Boussod, Manzi, Joyant & cie. Internet Archive/ Public domain 

(4) Unknown author. Avenue Nicolas II. Le Petit Palais. Le pont Alexandre III et les Invalides. Le Grand Palais. Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain

(5)  Bosnia & Herzegovina Pavilion by Alphonse Mucha https://www.muchafoundation.org/en/gallery/themes/theme/paris-1900/object/143 Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain

(6) Menu for the Bosnian Pavilion Restaurant at the Paris Exhibition 1900 (1900) Artist: Alphonse Mucha Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain

(7) Mucha Bosnia Pavillion Poster. Anonymous. https://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/musee-carnavalet/oeuvres/devanture-de-la-bijouterie-joaillerie-de-georges-fouquet-6-rue-royale-8eme#infos-principales Creative Commons / Public Domain

(8)Otto Wagner's glass bathtub. Unknown Source. Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain

(9) 2025. Muchafoundation.org. 2025. http://www.muchafoundation.org/media/w620h560/lithograph/L057_Austrian_Pavilion_Paris_1900.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Public Domain

Peer-reviewed secondary sources:

Boyd, James Penny. 1900. The Paris Exposition of 1900. : A Vivid Descriptive View and Elaborate Scenic Presentation of the Site, Plan and Exhibits. American edition., n.d. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=gri.ark:/13960/t8x99109n&seq=11  

Dymond, Anne. 2011. “Embodying the Nation: Art, Fashion, and Allegorical Women at the 1900 Exposition Universelle.” RACAR: Revue d’Art Canadienne / Canadian Art Review 36 (2): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.2307/42630841.

Fred, W. “Architecture and Exterior Decoration at the Paris Exhibition, 1900.” The Artist: An Illustrated Monthly Record of Arts, Crafts and Industries (American Edition) 28, no. 247 (1900): 132–45. https://doi.org/10.2307/25581554.

Houze, Rebecca. 2004. “National Internationalism: Reactions to Austrian and Hungarian Decorative Arts at the 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle.” Studies in the Decorative Arts 12 (1): 55–97. https://doi.org/10.2307/40663098.

Lahor, Jean, Rebecca Brimacombe, and Proquest, Firm. 2012. Art Nouveau. New York: Parkstone International. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/mcmu/detail.action?pq-origsite=primo&docID=886833.

Woodward B. 1900. “The Exposition of 1900.” The North American Review 170 (521): 472–79. https://doi.org/10.2307/25104981.Mucha Foundation. 2025.

 

Other sources referenced:

“Art Nouveau at the 1900 Paris Exposition – Antique Jewelry University.” 2025. Langantiques.com. 2025. http://www.langantiques.com/university/art-nouveau-at-the-1900-paris-exposition/.

“Figaro Illustré No. 124.” n.d. https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/figaroillustrey124.

“Georges Fouquet (1858-1929), Paris, after Design by Mucha: Ornamental Chain with Pendants - Paris 1900 - Themes - Gallery - Mucha Foundation.” Muchafoundation.org. 2025. https://www.muchafoundation.org/en/gallery/themes/theme/paris-1900/object/128.

“Otto Wagner.” 2020. Architectuul. November 2, 2020. Accessed April 4, 2025. https://architectuul.com/architect/otto-wagner.