Artificial Images in Global Health

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• Ignoble awards & parodies of global aid campaigns.
  https://web.archive.org/web/20250301145010/https://www.radiaid.com/about
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  https://stories.savethechildren.org.uk/ourproudestmoments/
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• “King Leopold II Of Belgium Colonizes Congo.” Midjourney (6.0).
  https://africasacountry.com/2024/04/when-a-black-viking-meets-a-black-slave-trader
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  Cropped image from: ‘Reflections before the storm: The AI re-production of abusive imagery in Global Health visuals’, Art Exhibition, Oxford Global Health and Bioethics International Conference, Oxford, UK and ECTMIH 2024 (Utrecht, NL).
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  https://forms.office.com/r/1RnTxPK5sL
• Learn more about King Leopold II and the atrocities in the "Congo Free State” at this link
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II_of_Belgium?wprov=sfti1 ; https://africasacountry.com/2024/04/when-a-black-viking-meets-a-black-slave-trader
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  https://www.carldekeyzer.com/putins-dream
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  https://www.michaelchristopherbrown.com/artificial-intelligence/90-miles
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  https://x.com/_AI_Samurai/status/1644802356024836099
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  AI image created with Midjourney
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  AI image created with Midjourney
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  Image posted on X (Twitter) by WHO FCTC (World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control)
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• Assembling a global health image: Ethical and pragmatic tensions through the lenses of photographers
  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002540
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• Prompt—Traditional African healer is helping poor and sick White children
  Image from: ‘Reflections before the storm: The AI re-production of abusive imagery in Global Health visuals’, Art Exhibition, Oxford Global Health and Bioethics International Conference, Oxford, UK and ECTMIH 2024 (Utrecht, NL).
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• The Lancet article “Reflections before the Storm”
  https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(23)00329-7/fulltext
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• Prompt—African doctors administer vaccines to poor White children in the style of photojournalism
  Image from: ‘Reflections before the storm: The AI re-production of abusive imagery in Global Health visuals’, Art Exhibition, Oxford Global Health and Bioethics International Conference, Oxford, UK and ECTMIH 2024 (Utrecht, NL).
• Prompt Explanation
• Prompt—a group of Black African doctors in the style of photojournalism
  Image from: ‘Reflections before the storm: The AI re-production of abusive imagery in Global Health visuals’, Art Exhibition, Oxford Global Health and Bioethics International Conference, Oxford, UK and ECTMIH 2024 (Utrecht, NL).
• Prompt—a group of sick and poor White children, in the style of photojournalism
  Image from: ‘Reflections before the storm: The AI re-production of abusive imagery in Global Health visuals’, Art Exhibition, Oxford Global Health and Bioethics International Conference, Oxford, UK and ECTMIH 2024 (Utrecht, NL). 
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• Nurse attending an elderly person, Yemen, 1964.
  Infirmière s'occupant d'une personne agée.
• Vietnamese refugees arriving in Malaysia, 1978.
  Au large de Trenganu. Bateau de réfugiés de la mer vietnamiens.
• Between Bo and Kenema. Dissemination to local militias. Sierra Leone, 1998.
  Entre Bo et Kenema. Diffusion du DIH et des principes de la Croix-Rouge auprès des chasseurs traditionnels Kamajors au poste de contrôle, sur la route. Ils se croient invulnérables grâce à leur vodoo (objet rituel ressemblant à un micro phone rouge).
• Burkina Faso: thousands of Malian refugees seek shelter
  Oudalan Province, Gountouré Gnegne. Over 3,000 people have fled to this village, seeking refuge from the violence in Mali. They have fled fighting in Mali and have travelled far to seek refuge in the north of Burkina Faso. Thousands of Malian refugees are living in the provinces of Oudalan and Soum, under difficult conditions. Hundreds more arrive every week.
• Arrival of Croatian prisoners at the Bosnia-Croatia border, 1993.
  Otocac, frontière Bosnie-Croatie. Arrivée de prisonniers croates qui viennent d'être échangés avec des prisonniers serbes.
• Freetown. Camp for amputees, 2000.
• Portrait of a woman and her child, Somalia, 2011.
  Puntland, Garowe, internally displaced persons camp.
• Father Kisouru of the New Antwerp Mission (Bangala), 1905.
  The story of the Congo Free State; social, political, and economic aspects of the Belgian system of government in Central Africa (1905) p. 482
• Edited Image: Refugees on the road between Gisenyi and Ruhengeri
• Original Image: Refugees on the road between Gisenyi and Ruhengeri
• Ignoble awards & parodies of global aid campaigns.
  https://web.archive.org/web/20250301145010/https://www.radiaid.com/about
• Aid organizations commercializing suffering.
  Medical charity Médecins Sans Frontières criticised for using images that ‘endanger and exploit children’ amid row over photos from DRC identifying child rape survivor. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/may/25/medecins-sans-frontieres-condemned-for-profiting-from-exploitative-images
• Manipulating images of armed conflict, 2006.
  The 2006 Lebanon War photographs controversies (also referred to as "Hizbollywood" or "Hezbollywood") refers to instances of photojournalism from the 2006 Lebanon War that misrepresented scenes of death and destruction in Lebanon caused by Israeli air attacks. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War_photographs_controversies
• Nsala of Wala in Congo looks at the severed hand and foot of his five-year old daughter, 1904.
  (NSALA OF WALA IN THE NSONGO DISTRICT (ABIR CONCESSION) Photographed by Mr. John H. Harris in May, 1904, with the hand and foot of his little girl of five years old—all that remained of a cannibal feast by armed rubber sentries. The sentries killed his wife, his daughter, and a son, cutting up the bodies, cooking and eating them.
• Frances and the Leaping Fairy
  Frances and the Leaping Fairy, the third of the five Cottingley Fairy photographs
• Mary Todd Lincoln with Abraham Lincoln's "spirit" by Mumler, William H. (1872)
  CDV, Mary Todd Lincoln, seated, head and torso, hands in lap, wearing mourning gown and bonnet, with spirit figure of Lincoln behind her resting his hands on her shoulders
• Canadian troops 'going over the top' during training course at a trench-mortar school
  This famous image was originally believed to have been taken at the front, but later proven to have actually been a composite of shell bursts at a trench-mortar school near St. Pol and rehearsal attacks.
• Gettysburg, Pa. Dead Confederate soldier in Devil's Den
  Photograph from the main eastern theater of the war, Gettysburg, June-July, 1863.
• "Fading Away" by Henry Peach Robinson, 1858.
  "Fading Away", a combination print by Henry Peach Robinson, is an early photomontage combining five separate negatives into a single print. The image is meant to portray a family surrounding a dying woman.